异丁烷与丁烯烷基化催化剂的历史及研究进展

THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF CATALYSTS TO ALKYLATION OF ISOBUTANE WITH BUTENE

关键词:  烷基化 催化剂 综述 异丁烷 丁烯

Key words:  alkylation,catalysts,review

摘要:

异构烷烃与低分子烯烃的烷基化反应是石油加工的重要过程之一。本文要领了液体强酸浓硫酸和氢氟酸作为丁烷与丁胺烷基化催化剂的历史及现状，介绍了金属卤化物、分子筛、超强酸和杂多酸等固体酸作为锘化催化剂的研究进展，讨论了以上各类催化剂的主要特点及优缺点；预测了烷基化催化剂研究的发展方向，认为催化剂设计与反应工程结合，开发非定态反应工艺可能是解决固体酸催化剂失活问题的有效途径。

Abstract:

The alkylation of isoparaffin with olefin is an important process of petroleum processing.The history and present situation of concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid as catalysts to alkylation of isobutane with butene are introduced. The develop