上游天然气及凝析物分配计量的基本方法及要点(英文)

Concrete Measures and KeyPoints for the Allocation Meteringof Natural Gas and Condensate in the Upstream Area

关键词:  天然气  凝析物  天然气分配系统

Key words:  natural gas  condensate  gas allocation system

摘要:

来自陆上和海上的天然气、原油以及凝析物通常经公用管道输送到主要的处理厂和储运站。开采公司一般由石油公司所有或是授权给石油公司。在处理厂,烃类物质如天然气和凝析物经过处理以达到销售和盈利所需要的质量要求。接下来,天然气以标准体积(标准立方米)或燃烧热(焦耳)为单位卖给运输商。而凝析物以标准体积(标准立方米)或重量(公斤或吨)为单位卖给运输商。天然气和凝析物的销售是在这些主要的处理厂中完成的,同时销售收入应该返还给开采公司,并最终返还给每个生产井或油气田。当天然气来自两个及两个以上的地点(或者是两个及两个以上的公司)需要在公用管道、收集点或是处理厂中混合并处理时,或者是这些管道、收集点以及处理厂归属于不同的公司或处于不同的税率体系时,就急需一个天然气分配系统了。

Abstract:

Hydrocarbon gas,oils,and condensates from offshore and onshore concessions or business units are often transported via shared pipelines to shared main treatment or storage facilities.The concessions are often owned by,or licensed to a number of oil companies.At the main treatment facilities,hydrocarbon fluids such as gas and condensate are processed to meet sales and fiscal specifications.The gas is then sold to shippers in terms of standardized volumes(standard cubic-meters) or combustion energy(joules),and the gas condensate is usually sold in terms of standard volume(standard cubic meters) or mass(kilograms or tonnes).All the hydrocarbon gas and condensate sold at these main treatment facilities and associated monies should be allocated back to the individual concessions and then ultimately traceable back to the individual reservoirs or wells that generated them ! When hydrocarbon gas from two or more entry sources(e.g.two or more different entities) is commingled and processed in a common pipeline and terminal or processing system and the sources have different ownership and / or operate under different tax regimes,then a gas allocation system is needed.