咪唑类离子液体协同正丁醇处理油基钻屑的研究

Study on treatment of oil-based drilling cuttings with imidazole ionic liquids and n-butanol

关键词:  咪唑类离子液体  油基钻屑  溶剂萃取  正丁醇

Key words:  imidazole ionic liquid  oil-based drill cuttings  solvent extraction  n-butanol

摘要:

目的 解决在使用溶剂萃取法处理油基钻屑的过程中,有机溶剂作为萃取剂存在闪点低、易挥发、安全隐患大等的问题。方法 对比正丁醇采用具有安全性高、萃取能力强的咪唑类离子液体协同正丁醇处理油基钻屑。结果 通过对比可知,溴化1-乙酸-3-十八烷基咪唑离子液体与正丁醇质量比为1.0∶10.0,钻屑与萃取剂质量比为1∶3,萃取40 min,6 000 r/min离心5 min,萃取率可达到99.19%,钻屑中含油率从23.30%降至0.19%,萃取剂闭口闪点从35 ℃提高至57 ℃,危险等级从Ⅱ级降至Ⅲ级,蒸气压从0.739 kPa降至0.476 kPa,极大地提高了正丁醇的安全性能。结论 离子液体协同正丁醇,极大地提高了其闪点,降低了其蒸气压。 

Abstract:

Objective Solve the problems of low flash point, high volatility and significant safety risks with traditional organic extractants in the process of treating oil-based drill cuttings. Methods Compared with n-butanol, imidazole-based ionic liquid with high safety and strong extraction ability was used to treat oil-based drilling cuttings in conjunction with n-butanol. Results By comparison, the extraction rate could reach 99.19% and the oil contents of the drill cuttings was shown to be reduced from 23.30% to 0.19% under the following conditions:the mass ratio of brominated 1-acetic acid-3-octadecylimidazolium ionic liquid to n-butanol at 1.0∶10.0, the mass ratio of drilling cuttings to extraction agent at 1∶3, the extraction time for 40 min, the rotation speed at 6 000 r/min, and the centrifugation time for 5 min. Meanwhile, the closed flash point of the extractant increased from 35 ℃ to 57 ℃, the risk grade dropped from level Ⅱ to level Ⅲ, and the saturated vapor pressure reduced from 0.739 kPa to 0.476 kPa. The results clearly demonstrated that the safety performance of n-butanol has been greatly improved. Conclusion sThe addition of ionic liquid in n-butanol could greatly increase the flash point of the extractants and reduce its saturated vapor pressure.