天然气脱硫脱碳用离子液体的研究进展

Research progress of ionic liquids for natural gas desulfurization and decarbonization

关键词:  天然气  醇胺溶液  离子液体  酸气吸收  脱硫  脱碳

Key words:  natural gas  alcohol amine solution  ionic liquids  acid gas absorption  desulfurization  decarbonization

摘要:

目的 对气田开采出的天然气采用离子液体进行脱硫脱碳处理，以期能达到GB 17820—2018《天然气》的要求。方法 离子液体作为一种新型的绿色溶剂，其理化性质可通过阴、阳离子进行调控。通过对国内外学者相关文献进行梳理和归纳，对离子液体取代或补充天然气净化的传统吸收溶剂的潜力进行了探讨。结果 离子液体净化工艺具有较好的酸气吸收效果，虽常规型与功能型离子液体的黏度高且价格昂贵，但复配胺类溶剂后可以有效减少或避免此类问题。结论 综述了近年来离子液体吸收CO₂、H₂S的研究进展，可为其在天然气脱硫脱碳的应用提供有价值的参考。

Abstract:

Objective The aim is to use the ionic liquids to desulfurize and decarboinze the natural gas extracted from the gas field in order to meet the requirements of GB 17820—2018 Natural gas. Methods As a new type of green solvent, ionic liquids' physical and chemical properties can be regulated by anions and cations. The potential of ionic liquids to replace or supplement traditional absorption solvents for natural gas purification was discussed by combining and summarising the relevant literature of domestic and foreign scholars. Results The purification process of ionic liquids has a good effect for acid gas absorption. Although conventional and functional ionic liquids are high-viscoity and expensive, the combination of amine solvents can effectively reduce or avoid such problems. Conclusions The research progress of CO₂ and H₂S absorpted by ionic liquids in recent years is reviewed, which provides a valuable reference for its application in natural gas desulfurization and decarbonization.