天然气中的汞腐蚀

Mercury Corrosion in Natural Gas

关键词:  天然气  汞  危害  腐蚀机理  防腐措施

Key words:  natural gas  mercury  hazards  corrosion mechanism  anticorrosive measures

摘要:

介绍了含汞天然气的分布情况及天然气中汞的主要危害,研究了汞对铝及其它金属的腐蚀机理,重点阐述了汞对铝的齐化腐蚀和液态金属脆化(LME)机理。汞对不同金属的腐蚀程度有很大差异,对铝质设备造成严重腐蚀,对以碳钢、合金钢、不锈钢为材质的管道和设备的腐蚀性较弱。提出了脱除天然气中的汞,降低天然气中汞含量是防护汞腐蚀最有效的措施,同时认为使用防汞腐蚀涂层材料、即时清除管道和设备中聚积的汞和定期检测汞腐蚀情况等工艺措施也可降低汞腐蚀风险,预防汞腐蚀事故的发生。

Abstract:

This paper introduces the distribution of mercury-containing natural gas and the main hazards of mercury in natural gas,researches the mechanisms of mercury corrosion on aluminum and other metal materials,and focuses on the mechanisms of amalgam corrosion and Liquid Metal Embrittlement (LME). The degree of mercury corrosion of different metals are diverse,mercury have stronger corrosiveness on aluminum equipments than on pipelines and equipments making of carbon steel,alloy steel and stainless steel. This paper proposes that removal of mercury in natural gas to reduce concentrations of mercury in natural gas is the most effective measures for anticorrosive measures in mercury-containing natural gas,and simultaneously hold that using anti-corrosion coating material of mercury,immediately removals the accumulated mercury in pipelines and equipments and regularly detection of mercury corrosiveness can also reduce the mercury corrosion risk and prevent the occurrence of mercury corrosion.