生物柴油在稠油降黏技术中的应用研究

Application of biodiesel in viscosity-reducing techniques for heavy oil

关键词:  生物柴油  稠油  降黏  氢键 

Key words:  biodiesel  heavy oil  viscosity-reducing  hydrogen bonds

摘要:

将生物柴油应用于稠油降黏技术中,可以减少稠油降黏对轻质油的依赖。考察了生物柴油的掺加对稠油降黏效果的影响,结果表明,加入适量的生物柴油(<10%(w))可起到良好的降黏作用,降黏效果优于柴油。通过对稠油添加生物柴油和柴油得到的两种混合油进行红外表征,证实了添加生物柴油对稠油原油氢键的取代可以解离胶质和沥青质之间的聚集体,减弱稠油中胶质与沥青质之间的相互作用,从而达到降黏的目的。随着添加量的增加,极性影响作用增大,粘度进一步降低；但当生物柴油添加量超过15%(w)时,极性作用所表现的降黏效果已不明显。

Abstract:

Application of biodiesel as an additive could depend less on the light oil in viscosity-reducing techniques for heavy oil. This paper describes the effects of addition of biodiesel on the heavy oil viscosity. The results indicate that moderate amount of biodiesel provides favorable effects on the viscosity reduction, which is superior to that of diesel. The origin of the viscosity reduction was confirmed by the FTIR spectra of the heavy oil mixed with biodiesel or diesel. The replacement of the hydrogen bonds in heavy crude oil could dissociate the aggregates of the asphalt and resin, which weakened the interaction between asphalt and resin and thus reduced the viscosity. With the increase of biodiesel added, the effect of polarity increased and the viscosity further reduced; while the added amount of biodiesel exceeded 15%, the role of polarity in the viscosity reduction was not obvious.