碱土金属催化剂催化裂解重油实验研究

Study on alkaline earth metal catalyst for catalytic cracking heavy oil

关键词:  碱土金属  减压渣油  催化裂解  产率  烯烃 

Key words:  alkaline earth metal  vacuum residue  catalytic cracking  yield  olefin

摘要:

采用小型流化床实验装置,以减压渣油为原料,铝酸镁为催化剂,考察反应温度、水油比、催化剂装填量等条件对重油催化裂解反应气体产物分布的影响；同时,还考察了不同催化剂对重油催化裂解三相组成和气体产物分布的影响。研究结果表明,各操作条件对重油催化热解实验产物存在不同程度的影响,其中温度影响最大,在反应温度为750 ℃、水油比为2、催化剂装填量为40 g等最优条件下,乙烯质量产率为11.89%,总烯烃质量产率为20.19%。通过对不同催化剂的比较,铝酸镁的选择性优于铝酸钙,铝酸钙的产率优于铝酸镁。 

Abstract:

Using small-sized fluidized bed experimental device with the vacuum residue as raw material and magnesia-alumina as catalyst, the effects on gas product distribution of heavy oil catalytic cracking under different reaction temperature, water-oil mass ratio and catalyst-loading quantity were studied. The effects of different catalysts on heavy oil catalytic cracking were also investigated. The results showed that temperature was the most influential factor to heavy oil catalytic cracking. The ethylene mass yield of vacuum residue was 11.89%, and the total olefins mass yield was 20.19% under the optimum condition of 750 ℃, water-oil mass ratio of 2, catalyst loading quantity of 40 g. Through the comparison of different catalysts, the selectivity of magnesium-aluminate was better than that of calcium-aluminate, and the yield of calcium-aluminate was higher than that of magnesium-aluminate.