| 摘要: |
| 常规均相催化技术采用酸、碱催化剂进行酯化或酯交换反应制备生物柴油,其工艺对设备腐蚀严重,同时带来大量工业废水,造成严重的环境污染及工业成本的增加。新型催化技术可改进均相催化技术的不足,且具有反应条件温和、产率高和容易实现自动化连续生产等优点,已受到人们的广泛关注。阐述了近年来生物柴油国内外发展趋势及应用,重点介绍了新型生物柴油制备方法,如反应精馏法、催化膜反应器、超声法、微波法、连续催化法及其应用现状的国内外进展。最后,对新型生物柴油制备方法存在的问题及应用前景进行了展望。 |
| 关键词: 生物柴油 反应精馏 超声波 微波 膜反应器 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-3426.2016.01.001 |
| 分类号:TQ645；TE667 |
| 基金项目:国家自然基金资助项目“基于生物柴油制备的磺化聚合物复合催化膜研制及膜接触器动力学研究”(51403052)；河南工程学院博士基金项目“非织造基复合催化膜的制备表征及其在生物柴油中的应用”(D2014026)； 河南省高等学校重点科研项目“季胺接枝聚砜/非织造布复合膜的制备及在生物柴油中的应用研究”(16A480005)；郑州市科技计划项目“聚乙烯醇纳米复合纤维膜制备生物柴油的研究”(153PKJGG133)。 |
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| Research progress of preparation methods for novel biodiesel |
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Shi Wenying1,2, Li Hongbin1, Cheng Fa2, Yang Liming1
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(1. School of Textiles Engineering, Henan Institute of Engineering, Zhengzhou 450007, China;2. School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China)
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| Abstract: |
| The acid and alkali catalysts are used in the traditional homogeneous catalytic technology to prepare biodiesel through the esterification or ester exchange reaction. The process contributes to serious equipment corrosion while bringing a large number of industrial wastewater, resulting in serious environmental pollution and industrial cost increasing. The new catalysts offer some advantages to homogeneous acid catalysts. They are easily automatic continuous production, high yield and under the mild reaction conditions, which have attracted most attention. In this paper, the development trends and application of biodiesel preparation methods at home and abroad were introduced. The novel biodiesel preparation methods including reactive distillation, catalytic membrane reactor, ultrasonic method, microwave method, continuous catalysis method and their application were discussed. Finally, some problems deserving further research and the application prospects of new methods for biodiesel preparation were presented. |
| Key words: biodiesel reactive distillation ultrasonic microwave membrane reactor |
