甲烷裂解制氢工艺研究进展及技术经济性对比分析

Research progress and comparative techno-economic analysis of methane pyrolysis technology for hydrogen production

关键词:  甲烷裂解  氢气  经济分析

Key words:  methane pyrolysis  hydrogen  economic analysis

摘要:

为应对气候变化,减少CO₂排放,开发低碳能源技术是十分必要的。氢能因其清洁低碳被视为最有前景的清洁能源之一,但传统制氢工艺(煤制氢、甲烷蒸汽重整制氢)不可避免会造成CO₂大量排放。在向零碳氢过渡阶段,甲烷裂解技术被视为潜在的低碳氢生产方法,在制氢的同时还能产出具有附加价值的碳产品,且整个裂解过程不直接排放CO₂,因而受到广泛关注。重点介绍了几种不同甲烷裂解制氢工艺,即高温热裂解制氢、催化裂解制氢、等离子体制氢、熔融金属裂解制氢等,详细阐述了上述制氢工艺的研究进程,并从经济效益方面类比了技术经济可行性。此外,还提出了未来技术发展和攻关方向的建议。 

Abstract:

To cope with climate change and reduce CO₂ emissions, it is necessary to develop low-carbon energy technologies. Hydrogen energy is regarded as one of the best prospects for clean energy, but traditional hydrogen production processes (such as coal gasification, methane steam reforming) inevitably cause a large amount of CO₂ emissions. In the transition stage to zero-carbon hydrogen, methane pyrolysis technology is regarded as a potential low-carbon hydrogen production technology. It can produce hydrogen along with valuable carbon material, and the entire pyrolysis process does not directly release CO₂, which has been widely concerned. The research processes of several different methane pyrolysis technologies for hydrogen production such as thermal pyrolysis, catalytic pyrolysis, plasma pyrolysis, and molten metal pyrolysis are summarized. And the techno-economic feasibility in terms of economic benefits is compared. In addition, suggestions are given for future technology development and research.