碳中和与中国海洋油气发展的内在联结性

Interconnection between carbon neutrality and development of offshore oil and gas in China

关键词:  碳中和  能源安全  海洋油气  海洋生态环境  可持续发展 

Key words:  carbon neutrality  energy security  offshore oil and gas  marine ecological environment  sustainable development

摘要:

中国海洋拥有丰富的油气资源和巨大的蓝碳潜能。“十四五”规划中,发展海洋经济,利用海洋资源和保护海洋生态环境是中国经济社会发展的重要目标之一。然而,中国海洋油气资源开发、海洋生态环境保护和碳达峰及碳中和目标三者之间的关系尚未完全厘清。通过综合分析相关资料,阐述了中国海洋生态系统的重要性和脆弱性,并结合中国海洋油气的勘探开发现状,提出了油气-生态的碳反馈循环概念模型、两者深入联结的相关途径以及在碳中和进程中协同发展的必要性。提倡将海洋保护与海上油气田的开发设计更紧密地结合,通过开展以碳收支为核心的区域生态评估、开发低碳绿色油田材料等策略来完善海洋资源的可持续开发利用方案,旨在为相关机构提供科学理论支撑,促进海洋跨部门之间的深入合作。 

Abstract:

China’s marine environment has enormous volumes of oil and gas (O&G) resources and immense “blue carbon” potential. In the 14th Five-Year Plan, developing the marine economy, using marine resources, and protecting the marine ecological environment are one of China’s important socioeconomic development goals. However, the relationship between the exploitation of offshore O&G resources, the protection of the marine ecosystem, and the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality has not been fully elucidated. This study expounds on the importance and vulnerability of marine ecosystems. Then it combines the status of offshore O&G exploration and exploitation to present a conceptual model of offshore O&G-ecology carbon feedback cycle, the pathway of deep connection, and the necessity of synergic development in carbon neutrality process. This paper advocates strategies such as closer combination of marine protection with offshore O&G design and development, evaluating the carbon budget in the regional ecological assessment and developing low-carbon green oilfield materials to improve the sustainable development and utilization scheme of marine resources. This study aims to provide scientific and theoretical support for relevant institutions and promote in-depth collaboration across marine departments.